Closed Economy

China is still largely a closed economy for investment purposes .

就投资目的而言，中国在很大程度上仍是一个封闭的经济体。

Open economy with a closed economy is opposed to the concept .

开放型经济是与封闭型经济相对立的概念。

A closed economy will not put a country on the way to prosperity .

闭关自守的经济不会使一个国家富起来。

In a closed economy , my spending is your salary .

在一个封闭的经济体里，我的消费就是你的工资。

In a relatively closed economy government spending lifts domestic demand without much leakage .

在一个相对封闭的经济中，政府支出能够提振内需，而不致大量渗漏。

Comparing with traditional society , modern China experienced a transition from closed economy to open economy and natural economy to market economy .

与传统社会相比较，近代中国是外在一种由封闭经济向开放经济、自然经济向市场经济转变的过渡时期。

Resolving payments crises inside a large , closed economy requires huge adjustments , on both sides .

在一个封闭式的大型经济体内部解决收支危机，需要双方进行大刀阔斧的调整。

After 30 years of reform and opening up , China has been from a relatively closed economy to gradually integrated into the world .

经过30年的改革开放，中国从一个相对封闭的经济体逐步融入世界。

The effectiveness of monetary policy has a lot of difference in two different environment between in a closed economy and in a open economy environment .

但是在封闭经济和开放经济两种不同的经济环境中，货币政策的效果会明显不同。

India , with a more closed economy and far lower savings rate , depends heavily on domestic consumption to sustain growth .

印度的经济更为封闭，储蓄率也远远低于中国，因此严重依赖国内消费来维持经济增长。

When China first opened its tightly closed economy , companies in industrialized countries saw it as an incredible new market for exports .

中国起先开放其紧密封闭的经济时，产业国家的公司将中国视为一个绝佳的新出口市场。

The economic increase pattern must be reconstructed during the transformation period from traditional economy to modern economy , from closed economy to opened economy in China .

我国由传统经济向现代经济过渡，由封闭经济向开放经济过渡，经济增长模型必须重构。

The previous studies of supply chain finance are all in the closed economy conditions which only considers the domestic situation regardless of the foreign factors .

本文研究发现，前人对供应链金融的研究主要是在封闭的经济条件下进行的，即只考虑国内的情形，而不考虑国外因素影响。

This paper expounds the basic concept of several agricultural subsidies and analyses the economic influence of subsidy using neoclassic economic analyzes methods in a closed economy .

从农业补贴的概念入手，运用新古典经济学分析方法，对封闭条件下的农业补贴的经济效应进行了静态分析。

But for government produc-tion expenditure , the optimal tax policy in an open economy is incompletely equivalent to that in a closed economy .

但对于生产性政府支出，开放经济的最优税收政策与封闭经济的最优税收政策并不完全等价。

The exchange rate matters less for the eurozone than for most countries as it is a relatively closed economy . It largely trades with itself .

对于欧元区来说，汇率并不像对大多数国家那么重要，因为欧元区是一个相对封闭的经济体，贸易基本上是在内部进行的。

Laos is a socialist country , its economic development has experienced from a closed economy to an open economy , and from a planned economy to a market economy .

老挝现在是一个社会主义国家，它也经历了一个从封闭经济走向开放经济、从计划经济走向市场经济的发展转型过程。

The US , leading by example , debates its budget policies as though it were a closed economy , steadfastly ignoring the need for long-term deficit reduction .

美国以身作则，在辩论其预算政策时似乎是在谈论一个封闭的经济，坚决忽视削减长期赤字的必要性。

He responds that , in any case , the euro area like Europe as a whole is not a closed economy but the most open of the big advanced economies .

他回答说，无论如何，欧元区与整个欧洲一样，都不是一个封闭的经济体，相反，它是大型发达经济体中最开放的一个。

As such , the US may find it more difficult to operate like a large closed economy at a time when it has become a more open economy that is losing its size advantage gradually .

如此一来，美国可能会发现自己更难像一个封闭的大型经济体那样运作，因为如今它已经变成了一个更为开放的经济体，其规模优势正逐渐丧失。

Then on the basis of the open economy concept , it compares the differences between the open economy , closed economy and export-oriented economy , and summarizes the key features of open economy in new phase .

在开放型经济概念界定的基础上，比较了开放型经济与封闭型经济、外向型经济的区别，总结了新时期开放型经济的主要特征。

An economy that does not interact with the economy of any other country . A closed economy prohibits imports and exports , and prohibits any other country from participating in their stock market .

指不与其他任何国家有经济往来，这种封闭性经济禁止进出口贸易，并禁止任何国家参与其股票市场。

But these studies , on the one hand , are primarily confined to the traditional planned economic and the dual-track economic times ; and on the other hand , are mainly limited to a closed economy .

但是这些研究，一方面，主要集中于传统计划经济与双轨制经济时期；另一方面，大多局限于封闭经济的背景中。

This paper gives a preliminary mathematical model for production and living in a closed economy , analyzes the relationship between investment and consumption in a sense of quality and quantity , and tries to make an observation of the general trend .

试在封闭经济条件下，建立一初步数学模型，定性及定量分析有关投资与消费的相对关系，因其问题的复杂性，只就其趋势加以分析。

Since the reform and opening up , Shandong province has changed the closed economy into the open , and integrated into the world economy gradually . In recent years , the economic development of Shandong province is showing impressive strength .

改革开放以来，山东省逐渐实现了由封闭型经济向开放型经济的转变，逐步融入了世界经济的大格局当中，近年来山东省的经济发展更是显示了不俗的实力。

Our paper considers capital flows only , and on the basis of this , the paper further our studies in three levels as follws : First level mainly discusses relations between demographic structure and asset price in a closed economy .

本文仅考虑资本这一要素的流动，遵循这一思路，本文作了以下三个层次的分析：第一层次，主要分析了封闭经济条件下人口结构与资产价格的关系。

However , the risk-sharing function of the banking system is not ideal . Under normal circumstances , the banking system in a closed economy is difficult to exploit the economy of scale , thus provide less financial services at a higher cost .

但是，由于封闭经济中的银行体系很小，难以利用规模经济；加上竞争的缺乏，从而以较高的单位成本提供较少的金融服务，银行体系的跨期风险分担功能发挥得并不理想。

Being the important parts of the economic system , tax laws and accounting standards have been changed correspondingly in the process of the Chinese economy ' sdual transition : from planned economy to market economy , from closed economy to open economy .

随着我国从计划经济向市场经济、从封闭经济向开放经济的双重转轨，税法和会计标准作为经济制度的重要组成部分，也发生了相应的变革。

Compared with the study of the closed economy , the force promote domestic market to integrate is weakened when the cost of setting barriers in inter-regional trade is increasing . The reduction of margin preference impedes the integration of domestic market .

与封闭经济条件下的研究相比，贸易壁垒设置成本的提高对市场整合进程的促进作用减弱，产品出口优惠幅度的减少，将在一定程度阻碍国内市场的整合。

In a closed economy , due to lower income of people , high information acquisition costs , industry characteristics and other factors , the risk-bearing capacity is weak , and the inter-temporal risk-sharing of banking intermediaries has a dominant position in a closed economy .

在封闭经济条件下，由于人们的收入较低、风险承受能力弱、信息获取成本高和产业特征等因素，银行中介的跨期风险分担占主导地位。